Electron Spectroscopy

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Electron Spectroscopy of Surfaces

Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) is one of the most established methods for determining the elemental composition and the chemical state of solid surfaces and thin films. This experiment focuses on X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), which exploits Xray photons to excite electrons from the core levels of the atoms of a solid into the vacuum, thus probing the electronic structure of matter w...

Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy

Electron Spectroscopy and Molecular Structure

Electron spectroscopy can now be applied to solids, liquids and gases. Some fields of research require ultrahigh vacuum conditions, in particular those directly concerned with surface phenomena on the monolayer level. Liquids have recently been subject to studies and several improvements and extensions of this technique can be done. Much advance has lately been achieved in the case of gases, wh...

Electron - impact spectroscopy of acetaldehydea >

Acetaldehyde has been studied by the technique of low-energy variable-angle electron energyloss spectroscopy. With this method the low-lying spin-forbidden transitions have been located via the behavior of the relative differential cross sections, providing the first identification by this technique of such states in acetaldehyde. High-lying states were also investigated and some assignments of...